UK Lodger Agreement Clause Guide
Clause name | Purpose | Topic area | Typical use cases | Drafting notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Core clause | ||||
Licence Fee | States the amount the lodger must pay for occupying the room. | Payment terms | Weekly or monthly payments for a room in the landlord's home. | State amount, due date, payment method and whether it includes bills. |
Payment Date And Method | Sets when and how the lodger must pay the licence fee. | Payment terms | Bank transfer, standing order, cash receipts or monthly advance payments. | Require clear payment references and receipts for cash payments. |
Optional clause | ||||
Rent In Advance | Requires payment before the occupation period begins. | Payment terms | First month payable before moving in or weekly payments in advance. | Clarify whether advance payments are refundable if the lodger leaves early. |
Core clause | ||||
Late Payment | Explains consequences if the lodger pays late. | Payment terms | Missed monthly fee, repeated late payment or unpaid final period. | Use fair, proportionate charges and link serious arrears to termination rights. |
Optional clause | ||||
Interest On Late Payments | Allows interest to accrue on overdue sums. | Payment terms | Long overdue licence fees or unpaid agreed charges. | Rate must be reasonable and not operate as an unfair penalty. |
Core clause | ||||
Deposit | Records any security deposit and what it protects against. | Payment terms | Covering unpaid fees, damage, missing keys or cleaning costs. | State amount, permitted deductions, return date and dispute process. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Deposit Protection Status | Clarifies whether statutory tenancy deposit protection applies. | Payment terms | Resident landlord arrangements where the occupier is a lodger, not an AST tenant. | Do not state protection is unnecessary if facts may create an assured shorthold tenancy. |
Core clause | ||||
Deposit Deductions | Explains when the landlord may deduct money from the deposit. | Property protection | Damage, missing items, unpaid licence fees or extra cleaning. | Allow fair wear and tear deductions should be evidenced by photos or invoices. |
Deposit Return | Sets the timetable and conditions for returning the deposit. | Payment terms | Return after final inspection and settlement of unpaid sums. | Specify a short period after move-out and require forwarding bank details. |
Room Description | Identifies the room the lodger may occupy. | Occupation rights | Named bedroom, furnished room or room shown in an inventory. | Avoid wording that grants exclusive possession inconsistent with lodger status. |
Shared Facilities | Lists areas and facilities the lodger may share with the landlord. | Occupation rights | Shared kitchen, bathroom, living room, garden or laundry facilities. | State facilities are shared and may be subject to reasonable house rules. |
No Exclusive Possession | Confirms the arrangement is intended as a licence, not a tenancy. | Occupation rights | Resident landlord shares the home and needs access to the lodger's room. | Labels are not decisive actual living arrangements must match the clause. |
Resident Landlord | Records that the landlord lives in the same dwelling as their main home. | Occupation rights | Homeowner rents a spare room while continuing to live there. | If the landlord moves out, the occupier's legal status may change. |
Landlord Access To Room | Reserves reasonable access for cleaning, inspection, repairs or emergencies. | Occupation rights | Weekly cleaning, checking damage, repair works or emergency access. | Access should be genuine, reasonable and consistent with a licence arrangement. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Alternative Room | Allows the landlord to move the lodger to another suitable room. | Occupation rights | Repairs, family visits, room redecoration or household reorganisation. | Use only where genuine alternative room should be reasonably comparable. |
Core clause | ||||
Start Date | States when the lodger's right to occupy begins. | Occupation rights | Move-in date, key handover date or first payment period. | Align with payment date, inventory date and deposit receipt. |
Optional clause | ||||
Fixed Term Licence | Sets a defined occupation period before expiry or renewal. | Occupation rights | Student lodgers, temporary work placements or trial occupation periods. | Explain whether early termination is allowed and what happens at expiry. |
Periodic Licence | Creates a rolling arrangement continuing until notice is given. | Occupation rights | Open-ended spare room letting with weekly or monthly payments. | Match the notice period to the payment period where appropriate. |
Core clause | ||||
Personal Licence Only | Prevents the lodger transferring occupation rights to someone else. | Occupation rights | Stopping subletting, room sharing or replacement occupiers. | State the licence is personal to the named lodger only. |
No Assignment Or Transfer | Prohibits giving the licence to another person. | Occupation rights | Lodger tries to let a friend take over the room. | Pair with no subletting and guest limits. |
No Subletting | Stops the lodger from renting out the room or any part of the home. | Occupation rights | Preventing Airbnb use, spare bed rentals or informal room shares. | Include online short-let platforms and overnight paid stays. |
Guests And Visitors | Controls when the lodger may invite guests into the home. | House rules | Day visitors, dinner guests, partners staying over or parties. | Set notice, maximum numbers and whether overnight guests need consent. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Overnight Guests | Limits overnight stays by people who are not named lodgers. | House rules | Partners staying, relatives visiting or repeated overnight guests. | Avoid discriminatory rules apply clear limits consistently. |
Core clause | ||||
Noise And Quiet Hours | Sets expectations on noise and household quiet times. | House rules | Music, gaming, calls, parties, shift work or early starts. | Define quiet hours and require compliance with nuisance laws. |
Optional clause | ||||
Smoking And Vaping | Controls smoking, vaping and related odours or damage. | House rules | No smoking indoors, designated garden area or no vaping in bedrooms. | Be clear about indoor bans, outdoor areas and cleaning deductions. |
Pets | States whether the lodger may keep animals in the home. | House rules | Assistance dogs, cats, small pets or visiting animals. | Consider disability discrimination duties for assistance animals. |
Core clause | ||||
Cleaning Duties | Allocates responsibility for keeping rooms and shared areas clean. | House rules | Kitchen cleaning rota, bathroom hygiene or leaving the room clean. | Separate normal tidiness from professional cleaning charges at move-out. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Food Storage And Kitchen Use | Sets rules for using the kitchen, fridge and food storage areas. | House rules | Shared fridge shelves, cooking times, hygiene and appliance use. | Include fire safety and cleaning expectations after cooking. |
Bathroom Use | Sets expectations for shared bathroom access and cleanliness. | House rules | Morning routines, cleaning, storage of toiletries and ventilation. | Avoid rules that unreasonably interfere with basic living needs. |
Laundry Facilities | Explains whether and how the lodger may use washing facilities. | Utilities and services | Use of washing machine, drying areas, detergent or usage times. | State any limits to avoid excessive utility costs or damp risks. |
Optional clause | ||||
Internet Use | Sets rules for using the household broadband connection. | Utilities and services | Wi-Fi sharing, excessive downloads, illegal use or password control. | Prohibit unlawful activity and clarify service is not guaranteed. |
Core clause | ||||
Utilities Included | Lists bills included in the licence fee. | Utilities and services | Gas, electricity, water, council tax, broadband or TV licence. | List inclusions and exclusions clearly to prevent bill disputes. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Utilities Contribution | Requires the lodger to pay a share of household bills. | Utilities and services | Separate monthly contribution, usage-based top-up or seasonal heating costs. | State formula, evidence of bills and payment deadline. |
Optional clause | ||||
Fair Use Of Utilities | Prevents excessive use of included utilities. | Utilities and services | High heating use, long showers, crypto mining or electric vehicle charging. | Define examples of excessive use and any extra charges objectively. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Council Tax | Clarifies responsibility for council tax or any contribution to it. | Payment terms | Inclusive fee, contribution to bill or loss of single person discount. | Consider impact on council tax discounts and local billing rules. |
TV Licence | Allocates responsibility for any TV licensing requirement. | Utilities and services | Lodger watches live TV or BBC iPlayer in their room. | State whether household licence covers the use or lodger must arrange their own. |
Optional clause | ||||
Post And Deliveries | Sets how post, parcels and household address use are handled. | House rules | Parcel deliveries, business mail, forwarding mail after departure. | Avoid accepting liability for lost third-party deliveries unless agreed. |
Core clause | ||||
Residential Use Only | Restricts use of the room to ordinary residential living. | Occupation rights | Preventing commercial trading, client visits or storage businesses. | Allow ordinary remote working if intended, but restrict business visitors or nuisance. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Home Working | Regulates work from the room or shared home. | Occupation rights | Laptop work, calls, deliveries, clients or business equipment. | Permit low-impact remote work but restrict business visitors, noise and insurance risks. |
Core clause | ||||
Illegal Or Antisocial Use | Prohibits illegal, antisocial or nuisance behaviour in the home. | House rules | Drug use, harassment, violence, threats, criminal activity or serious nuisance. | Link serious breach to immediate or shortened notice where lawful. |
Optional clause | ||||
Drugs And Controlled Substances | Bans unlawful drugs and related activity at the property. | House rules | Drug possession, supply, cultivation or drug-related visitors. | Include a right to terminate for serious unlawful conduct. |
Alcohol And Conduct | Sets behaviour standards linked to alcohol use in the home. | House rules | Parties, intoxicated behaviour, damage, noise or safety concerns. | Focus on behaviour and safety rather than intrusive lifestyle control. |
Core clause | ||||
Fire Safety | Requires safe behaviour and compliance with fire precautions. | Property protection | Candles, heaters, blocked exits, smoke alarms or cooking risks. | Ban tampering with alarms and require clear escape routes. |
Smoke And Carbon Monoxide Alarms | Covers alarm testing, reporting faults and not disabling alarms. | Property protection | Battery removal, alarm faults, carbon monoxide detector in rooms with appliances. | Landlord duties may apply lodger should promptly report faults. |
Gas Safety | Requires cooperation with gas safety checks and safe appliance use. | Property protection | Annual gas safety checks, boiler access or reporting gas smells. | Landlord cannot contract out of statutory gas safety duties. |
Electrical Safety | Requires safe use of sockets, appliances and electrical equipment. | Property protection | Extension leads, heaters, faulty chargers or overloaded sockets. | Ban unsafe appliances and require prompt reporting of electrical faults. |
Reporting Repairs | Requires the lodger to report defects, leaks and damage promptly. | Property protection | Leaks, damp, broken windows, appliance faults or pests. | State reporting method and emergency contact process. |
Damage Caused By Lodger | Makes the lodger responsible for damage they or their guests cause. | Property protection | Broken furniture, stains, wall damage or guest damage. | Exclude fair wear and tear and require evidence of repair costs. |
Inventory And Condition Report | Records items provided and the condition of the room at move-in. | Property protection | Furnished room, deposit deductions or disputes about pre-existing damage. | Attach photos and have both parties confirm the record. |
Optional clause | ||||
Furniture And Contents | Lists furniture and contents included with the room or shared areas. | Property protection | Bed, mattress, desk, wardrobe, kitchenware or bedding. | Use with an inventory and state responsibility for loss or damage. |
Core clause | ||||
Keys And Security Devices | Controls issue, use and return of keys, fobs and alarm codes. | Property protection | Lost keys, copied keys, lock changes or unreturned fobs. | Prohibit copying keys and allow reasonable replacement or locksmith costs. |
Home Security | Requires the lodger to keep the home secure. | Property protection | Locking doors, closing windows, alarm setting or guest supervision. | State security routines without creating unreasonable restrictions. |
Alterations And Decoration | Restricts changes to the room or property. | Property protection | Painting, shelves, picture hooks, locks, fixtures or wall mounting. | Require written consent and address reinstatement costs. |
Optional clause | ||||
Personal Belongings | Clarifies responsibility for the lodger's own possessions. | Property protection | Theft, accidental loss, storage and belongings left after departure. | Do not exclude liability for landlord negligence where legally prohibited. |
Insurance | Explains what insurance is and is not covered by the landlord. | Property protection | Landlord building insurance, lodger contents insurance or accidental damage. | Recommend lodger arranges contents cover if needed. |
Core clause | ||||
Landlord Notice To End | States how the landlord may terminate the lodger agreement. | Ending the arrangement | Landlord needs room back, relationship breakdown or end of spare room letting. | For excluded occupiers, give reasonable notice often one rental period. |
Lodger Notice To Leave | States how the lodger may end the agreement. | Ending the arrangement | Moving out, new job, family reasons or dissatisfaction with accommodation. | State notice period, written form and liability until notice expires. |
Reasonable Notice | Defines what notice period is reasonable for the arrangement. | Ending the arrangement | Weekly lodger, monthly lodger or informal licence with no fixed end date. | Often match notice to payment period unless serious breach justifies shorter notice. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Serious Breach Termination | Allows ending the licence quickly for serious misconduct. | Ending the arrangement | Violence, threats, serious damage, illegal activity or major arrears. | Even excluded occupiers should receive notice appropriate to the circumstances. |
Expiry Of Fixed Term | Explains what happens when a fixed period ends. | Ending the arrangement | Three-month stay, academic term, internship or temporary relocation. | State whether it ends automatically or continues as a periodic licence. |
Core clause | ||||
Move-Out Obligations | Sets what the lodger must do when leaving. | Ending the arrangement | Returning keys, removing belongings, cleaning and final inspection. | Link to inventory, deposit return and abandoned goods process. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Belongings Left Behind | Sets how items left after departure will be handled. | Ending the arrangement | Clothes, furniture, documents or bulky items left in the room. | Give written notice before disposal and follow duties for uncollected goods. |
Core clause | ||||
Leaving After Notice | Explains the lodger must leave when valid notice expires. | Ending the arrangement | Lodger refuses to leave after reasonable notice from a resident landlord. | Excluded lodgers have fewer eviction protections, but force or harassment may be unlawful. |
Optional clause | ||||
No Harassment Or Unlawful Eviction | Reminds parties not to use harassment, threats or unlawful eviction methods. | General legal terms | Disputes, lock changes, intimidation or pressure to leave early. | Do not draft clauses allowing violence, threats or oppressive conduct. |
Licence Fee Review | Sets how and when the licence fee may be increased. | Payment terms | Annual increase, utility cost increases or renewal negotiation. | State notice period, calculation method and right to end if not accepted. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Holding Payment | Records any payment made to reserve the room before move-in. | Payment terms | Room reserved while references are checked or move-in date is agreed. | State whether it is refundable and whether it becomes deposit or first payment. |
Right To Rent Checks | Confirms checks of immigration status where required in England. | General legal terms | Lodger agreement for accommodation in England. | Applies in England avoid discriminatory checking practices. |
Optional clause | ||||
Equality And Non-Discrimination | Requires fair treatment and avoids discriminatory house rules. | General legal terms | Guest rules, pets, religion, disability, sex, race or family circumstances. | Check rules against protected characteristics and reasonable adjustments issues. |
Personal Data | Explains how lodger personal information will be used and stored. | General legal terms | References, ID checks, emergency contacts, payment records or right to rent copies. | Keep data secure, proportionate and only as long as needed. |
Emergency Contact | Records who may be contacted in an emergency involving the lodger. | General legal terms | Illness, accident, absence, safeguarding concern or serious incident. | Use personal data only for appropriate emergency purposes. |
Core clause | ||||
Service Of Notices | States how formal notices must be given. | General legal terms | Notice to end, breach warnings, rent changes or deposit deductions. | Allow written delivery, email or text only if reliable and agreed. |
Optional clause | ||||
Day-To-Day Communications | Sets preferred communication channels for ordinary household matters. | General legal terms | WhatsApp messages, maintenance updates, rota changes or guest requests. | Distinguish informal messages from formal legal notices. |
Dispute Resolution | Sets a process for resolving disagreements before escalation. | General legal terms | Deposit deductions, noise complaints, cleaning issues or notice disputes. | Use simple discussion, written complaint and mediation options. |
Core clause | ||||
Governing Law | States which UK legal system governs the agreement. | General legal terms | Properties in England, Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland. | Use the law of the country where the property is located. |
Optional clause | ||||
Entire Agreement | Confirms the written agreement replaces prior informal discussions. | General legal terms | Avoiding disputes about promises made in viewings or messages. | Do not use to hide misrepresentation or unfair terms. |
Core clause | ||||
Changes To Agreement | Explains how the agreement may be changed after signing. | General legal terms | Changing fee, notice period, room, services or house rules. | Require written agreement, except reasonable updates to house rules if allowed. |
Optional clause | ||||
Severance | Keeps the rest of the agreement effective if one term is invalid. | General legal terms | A court finds one clause unenforceable or unfair. | Cannot save a clause that is central and legally defective. |
Fair And Reasonable Terms | Confirms terms should be interpreted fairly and transparently. | General legal terms | Consumer-style lodging arrangements with standard form terms. | Avoid hidden, one-sided, excessive or unclear charges and rights. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Guarantor | Makes a third party responsible for specified lodger obligations. | Payment terms | Student lodger, low income applicant or overseas lodger. | Use a separate signed guarantee and define the guaranteed liabilities. |
References And Checks | Allows checks before granting or continuing the licence. | General legal terms | Employer reference, previous landlord reference or affordability check. | Handle personal data lawfully and avoid discriminatory screening. |
Core clause | ||||
House Rules Schedule | Attaches detailed household rules to the agreement. | House rules | Cleaning, guests, noise, laundry, parking, bins and shared spaces. | Keep rules clear, reasonable and consistent with the main agreement. |
Optional clause | ||||
Rubbish And Recycling | Allocates duties for disposing of waste and recycling properly. | House rules | Bin day, food waste, recycling rules or bulky waste. | Refer to local council collection rules if relevant. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Parking | States whether the lodger may use parking at or near the property. | Occupation rights | Driveway space, permit parking, visitor permits or no parking rights. | Identify space, restrictions, permits and responsibility for fines. |
Optional clause | ||||
Bicycle And Equipment Storage | Controls storage of bicycles, sports gear or bulky items. | Property protection | Bike in hallway, garage storage, e-bike charging or muddy equipment. | Keep escape routes clear and address charging fire risk. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Garden And Outdoor Areas | Explains whether the lodger may use outdoor spaces. | Occupation rights | Garden use, smoking area, barbecues, guests or storage. | Set limits on access, noise, fires and maintenance responsibilities. |
Optional clause | ||||
Shared Appliances | Sets rules for using household appliances safely and fairly. | Utilities and services | Cooker, fridge, washing machine, dishwasher, microwave or heating controls. | State cleaning duties, damage responsibility and any usage limits. |
Heating And Ventilation | Sets expectations for heating use and ventilation to prevent damage. | Utilities and services | Condensation, mould prevention, window opening or thermostat settings. | Do not use to shift landlord repair or habitability duties unfairly. |
Pest Prevention | Requires behaviour that reduces pest risks and prompt reporting. | Property protection | Food storage, rubbish, mice, bedbugs or cockroaches. | Allocate costs only where infestation is caused by lodger conduct. |
Privacy And Household Confidentiality | Protects privacy of household members and personal information. | House rules | Photos, social media, family information or other residents' privacy. | Do not overreach into lawful personal expression focus on household privacy. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Photography And Filming | Controls recording, filming and posting images inside the home. | House rules | Social media content, video calls, livestreams or filming other residents. | Require consent before recording others or private shared areas. |
Core clause | ||||
No Lock Changes | Prevents the lodger fitting locks or changing security without consent. | Property protection | Bedroom lock, front door lock, padlocks or smart locks. | Supports lodger status where landlord retains access for genuine reasons. |
Optional clause | ||||
Landlord Property And Private Areas | Identifies areas or items the lodger must not use. | House rules | Landlord bedroom, office, storage cupboards, personal food or equipment. | List private areas clearly to reduce boundary disputes. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Other Household Members | Acknowledges other people may live in or use the home. | Occupation rights | Family members, partners, children, carers or other lodgers. | Avoid promising sole use of shared areas or fixed household composition. |
Multiple Lodgers | Deals with arrangements where more than one lodger lives in the home. | Occupation rights | Two friends sharing, separate rooms, couples or multiple licences. | Clarify whether liability is joint, separate or room-specific. |
Core clause | ||||
No Room Sharing Without Consent | Stops another person living in the room without agreement. | Occupation rights | Partner moves in, friend stays long-term or informal extra occupier. | Set written consent requirements and possible fee adjustment. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
HMO And Licensing Awareness | Flags that licensing rules may apply where multiple people occupy the property. | General legal terms | Several lodgers, mixed households or local additional licensing areas. | Check local authority rules a clause cannot avoid licensing duties. |
Optional clause | ||||
Rent A Room Scheme | Notes tax treatment may apply where a furnished room is let in the landlord's home. | General legal terms | Landlord receives lodger income from furnished accommodation in their main home. | Do not give tax advice refer landlord to HMRC thresholds and rules. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Mortgage Lease And Insurance Consent | Confirms the landlord should have required permission to take a lodger. | General legal terms | Leasehold flats, mortgaged homes or insurance policy restrictions. | Check mortgage, lease and insurance terms before granting a licence. |
Core clause | ||||
Access For Repairs And Contractors | Allows reasonable access for maintenance and contractor visits. | Property protection | Boiler repair, leak investigation, window repair or appliance replacement. | Give reasonable notice except in emergencies coordinate with lodger where possible. |
Emergency Access | Allows immediate access where needed to protect people or property. | Property protection | Fire, flood, suspected gas leak, welfare concern or break-in. | Define emergencies narrowly and record any emergency entry afterwards. |
Optional clause | ||||
Services Provided By Landlord | Lists services the landlord provides as part of the licence. | Utilities and services | Cleaning, linen, meals, Wi-Fi, gardening or laundry access. | Specify frequency, standards and whether services can change reasonably. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Meals And Food Provision | States whether meals or food are included. | Utilities and services | Breakfast included, family meals, no food included or shared staples. | Define what is included and address dietary requirements only if agreed. |
Optional clause | ||||
Temporary Service Interruptions | Explains how short interruptions to services are handled. | Utilities and services | Internet outage, boiler breakdown, water works or power cuts. | Do not exclude landlord responsibility for serious or prolonged failures. |
Health And Safety Cooperation | Requires cooperation with reasonable safety measures in the home. | Property protection | Alarm tests, safety checks, safe storage or reporting hazards. | Keep requirements practical and linked to real household risks. |
Situation-specific clause | ||||
Minimum Age And Capacity | Confirms the lodger has capacity to enter the agreement. | General legal terms | Young lodgers, students or applicants under 18. | Consider guarantor or guardian involvement for under-18 occupiers. |
Accessibility Needs | Records agreed practical arrangements for disability or accessibility needs. | General legal terms | Assistance dog, mobility aid storage, bathroom use or communication needs. | Avoid discriminatory restrictions and record agreed reasonable adjustments. |
Optional clause | ||||
Confidentiality Of Agreement Terms | Discourages unnecessary disclosure of private financial or household terms. | General legal terms | Sharing rent details, household information or private family arrangements. | Do not prevent legal advice, reporting crime or exercising statutory rights. |
Core clause | ||||
Signatures And Counterparts | Records how the agreement is signed and accepted. | General legal terms | Paper signing, electronic signing or separate signed copies. | Ensure each party receives the final signed version. |
What Clauses Should A UK Lodger Agreement Include?
A lodger agreement should clearly show that the occupier is a lodger or licensee, not a tenant with exclusive possession. Core clauses usually cover the room, shared areas, licence fee, deposit, notice, house rules, access, utilities and ending the arrangement.
How Can A Lodger Agreement Avoid Accidentally Creating A Tenancy?
The agreement should avoid giving the lodger exclusive possession of a self-contained dwelling. Clauses should reserve the resident landlord\'s right to enter the room for cleaning, inspection or other genuine purposes, and should describe shared use of facilities such as the kitchen or bathroom.
What Payment And Deposit Terms Are Most Important?
The licence fee clause should state the amount, frequency, due date and payment method. If a deposit is taken, the agreement should explain what it covers, when it will be returned and how deductions are assessed. Lodger deposits are generally not protected by the tenancy deposit scheme unless the arrangement is an assured shorthold tenancy.
How Much Notice Is Needed To End A Lodger Agreement?
A resident landlord normally only needs to give a lodger reasonable notice, often equal to the rent period. A written notice clause reduces disputes by specifying the notice period, method of service and what happens if the lodger does not leave.
Which Clauses Are Especially Useful In Shared Homes?
- House rules help manage noise, guests, smoking, pets, cleaning, security and use of shared facilities.
- Utilities and services clauses explain what is included in the licence fee and how variable costs are shared.
- Property protection clauses cover deposits, damage, keys, safety, inspections and personal belongings.

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